What type of vessel is required to have a Vessel Response Plan (VRP) under OPA '90?

A Vessel Response Plan (VRP) is specifically mandated under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA '90) for certain classifications of vessels that pose a significant risk of oil spills. The legislation was enacted to ensure proper preparedness and response strategies for oil spills, particularly from vessels that carry substantial quantities of oil.

Tanker vessels are required to have a VRP because they are designed to transport large amounts of oil and are thus at a higher risk of causing significant environmental damage in the event of an oil spill. The plan must outline procedures for effective response to a worst-case discharge scenario, engaging various stakeholders, including local response agencies, and detailing the resources that would be mobilized in such an event.

In contrast, while other types of vessels like commercial vessels, fishing vessels, and passenger ships may have their own safety and operational regulations, they are not subject to the same VRP requirements under OPA '90 unless they fall into specific categories that transport oil or hazardous substances. Thus, the requirement for a VRP is uniquely applicable to tanker vessels, emphasizing the heightened responsibility for those engaging in the transportation of oil on a large scale.